…This morning we have shared what is easily the most well-known psalm in scripture, the psalm of the Good Shepherd. The psalm is paired with a long monologue of Jesus—called a discourse—in which he is explaining this image, and what it means. The image of the Good Shepherd is a lovely image—many of us find it comforting. Loving. Caring.

But there is also something unsettled, and unsettling, in this image. Psalm 23 is called a psalm of trust, and these psalms always emerge from a troubled context. The psalmist calls out to God in hopeful trust exactly because the psalmist is in the middle of some kind of dangerous or frightening situation. With King David as the author, we can imagine lots of possibilities for the context of this psalm. David was in trouble a lot. Maybe the psalm conjures memories from David’s time as a shepherd, before he was anointed king, and the psalm is about predators attacking the sheep. Maybe the psalm refers to his time as the leader of Israel, when he was both king and soldier. It could be a psalm written in the midst of war, referring to a battle, an attack, or an act of treason against the throne.

When we turn to the gospel reading, we find tension there, too…

Image: The Magic Apple Tree, Samuel Palmer, 1805-1881. From Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=58401 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Magic_Apple_Tree.jpg.

… In the grim early days of the pandemic my children and I took to making what we called “happiness playlists” of our favorite music, and in the process of doing that, I re-discovered the Preservation Hall Jazz Band’s rendition of “Just a Closer Walk with Thee.” When I learned that Chris was playing it this morning, I went back to those playlists, and there it was.

Just a closer walk with Thee,
Grant it, Jesus, is my plea,
Daily walking close to Thee,
Let it be, dear Lord, let it be…

Image: Jesus appears at Emmaus, 1973, JESUS MAFA, Cameroon, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=48275 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr (contact page: https://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr/contact).

This week we meet the whole group of Jesus’ friends and disciples, only they are closeted away behind locked doors. They are afraid.

This, honestly, is not how we expect to find the disciples. In last week’s reading, Mary met Jesus in the garden, greeted him with joy and astonishment and love, and was sent to bring the good news to this exact group. Here’s how that passage ended:

Mary Magdalene went and announced to the disciples, “I have seen the Lord,” and she told them that he had said these things to her. ~John 20:18

Why on earth do we find them, later that very same day, hiding?

Image: LeCompte, Rowan and Irene LeCompte, Washington National Cathedral, Washington, DC. Christ shows himself to Thomas, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=54879 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/maryannsolari/5119341372/.

In early spring 1912 a pharmacist by the name of C. Austin Miles was in a cold, leaky basement in Pitman, New Jersey, meditating on the passage we have just read from the gospel of John. His great-granddaughter would later say that he basement didn’t even contain a window, let alone a view of a garden. Nevertheless, Miles was captivated by a vivid image that came to him. He later described it this way:

“As the light faded,” he said, “I seemed to be standing at the entrance of a garden, looking down a gently winding path, shaded by olive branches. A woman in white, with head bowed, hand clasping her throat, as if to choke back her sobs, walked slowly into the shadows. It was Mary.” He continues, “As she leaned her head upon her arm at the tomb, she wept. Turning herself, she saw Jesus standing. So did I. I knew it was He. She knelt before Him, with arms outstretched and looking into His face, cried, “Rabboni!”[i] 

This vision became…

I come to the garden alone
While the dew is still on the roses
And the voice I hear, falling on my ear
The Son of God discloses…

Image: Christ appears to Mary, MAFA Jesus Project, Cameroon, 1973 JESUS MAFA. Easter - Christ appears to Mary, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=48389 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr (contact page: https://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr/contact).

…This passage begins with a statement that Jesus knows his hour has come—that is to say, all events now are moving quickly to the cross. And then, the narrator says, “Having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end.”

Then, Jesus shows his friends, his disciples, what love looks like. He takes off his outer garment, and wraps a towel around his waist. He then proceeds to do something that makes that room thick with anxiety…

Image: Swanson, John August. Last Supper, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=56552 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Estate of John August Swanson, https://www.johnaugustswanson.com/.

…In the first chapter of the letter of Paul to the Philippians, Paul gives words of encouragement to the community in Philippi. He says things like, “Don’t worry about me.” He tells them how the Good News of Jesus’ Way has gotten out despite his being in prison. The soldiers, guards, and other prisoners are curious about this Messiah for whom he has been convicted. So now they know all about Jesus, because Paul has used this opportunity to preach some more, to win some souls. They didn’t shut him up, he boasts; they gave him another platform! He ends that chapter by encouraging them to live a life worthy of their calling—to keep doing what they have been doing all along. To stand firm in their faith. He tells them, “If I am executed, rejoice with me! I’ll be with Christ.”

But in the second chapter, the mood changes. Paul begins, if your trust in Jesus Christ has affected your life for the better—if he makes a difference in your life, makes you more loving and tender and sympathetic, if you are experiencing the presence of the Spirit—then do this one thing for me. Give me joy by being of the same mind as Jesus… and that’s where the hymn begins, the one the scholars call the Christ Hymn…

Image: Christ’s Entry into Jerusalem, Anonymous fresco, 1135-1140, Saint-Martin Church, Nohant-Vicq, France. Christ's Entry into Jerusalem, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=42426 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: image donated by Jim Womack and Anne Richardson.

… The author of this gospel probably collected a bunch of Jesus’s “greatest hits” into this one collection, Matthew chapters 5 through 7. This final chapter certainly sounds that way. Jesus goes, in quick succession, from the famous “do not judge, lest you be judged” passage, to the one on not casting your pearls before swine, to the portion we read last week: ask and you shall receive, seek and you shall find; knock and the door will be opened to you. Then he covers the Golden Rule, the Narrow Gate, and the Tree and its Fruit, before coming to the last topic he covers: Don’t just be hearers of the word. Be doers.

That’s where we find ourselves this evening, in this passage that is a little tricky for Protestants, we who believe that it’s all about God’s grace. In the short passage immediately before our final word, Jesus says,

“Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only the one who does the will of my Father in heaven.” A few verses later we come to this parable driving home that same point: build your house on the rock, not on the sand…

Image: Moyers, Mike. Lenten Labyrinth, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57142 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Mike Moyers, https://www.mikemoyersfineart.com/.

Do you believe in miracles?

If you Google that phrase, one of the top hits is ‘hockey,’ as in the 1980 United States Olympic men’s hockey team, which, against all odds, defeated the Russian team in a game so thrilling that even I still remember where I was when it happened. (I grew up in a hockey family. For the most part, it didn’t stick.) 

For us, though, on a Sunday morning as Lent draws to a close a little over a week from now, the question isn’t whether our team can beat the odds. The question is, how do we receive the signs that the gospel of John has been showing us in these last couple of weeks—especially today’s?

Union Presbyterian Church tends to have a lot of scientists in the pews—engineers, primarily. Not to mention schoolteachers. People who understand the laws of nature, the laws of physics and mechanics and what it means, for example, when a person has been dead for four days. (It means, they’re dead.) And the gospels—all of them—present what John calls signs, what the other gospels call miracles, all to show us the impact Jesus of Nazareth had on the communities his life and ministry touched. 

For all of us, especially as Easter looms on the near horizon, the question of miracles goes to the heart of the gospel story. Assuming we accept the notion that there’s a God, a higher power, one who is more than a primal force that kicked off the Big Bang, the question becomes, how does that God interact with humanity, if at all? Does that God choose to make herself known to the likes of us, and if so, how, under what circumstances? And, finally, what is the relationship of that God to the historical figure of Jesus of Nazareth?

Do you believe in miracles…?

Image: Duccio, di Buoninsegna, -1319?. Raising of Lazarus, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=58386 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27,_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna,_1310%E2%80%9311,_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg.

Do you member how and when you were taught to pray?

I have a very specific memory about praying with my mother, but I can’t say it’s the moment she taught me to pray. I can see her sitting on my bed as I was getting ready to sleep. I am about 5 years old. It’s nighttime, and I’m in my PJ’s, and it’s time to read my favorite book: “The Littlest Angel.” It’s one of those happy-sad books, about a little child who died at age 4, but was having a hard time in heaven because he missed his earthly home. (I could preach a whole sermon on the theology of this book, but I won’t. You’re welcome.) For some reason, every time we finish the book—and only this book, I don’t say it for others—I say “Ave.” No idea where I picked that up.

After we put the book down, my mother and I fold our hands, and say a prayer…

Image: Moyers, Mike. Lenten Labyrinth, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57142 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Mike Moyers, https://www.mikemoyersfineart.com/.

There are two definitions of “blindness” in the Oxford English Dictionary. They are:

1. the state or condition of being unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition.

and 

2. lack of perception, awareness, or judgment; ignorance.

In our story Jesus heals a man of the first definition—the physical inability to see. Then, Jesus and the healed man interact with people who seem to have the second condition—inability, or even unwillingness, to comprehend the healing miracle. Somewhere in the middle, Jesus calls himself “the light of the world.” Jesus wants to help people with both those definitions—helping the blind to see…

Image: Mironov, Andreĭ (Andreĭ Nikolaevich), 1975-. Christ and the Pauper, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57309 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christ_and_the_pauper.jpg.

Anxiety is no fun. It affects our thoughts, our moods, and our bodies. I had my first (and so far, only) panic attack last July…Anxiety can be terrifying. Rates of anxiety and depression for children and youth are at an all-time high, and in 2021, mental health for children and teenagers was recognized as an emergency across the globe. Rates of anxiety and depression have soared by 25% among adults as well. Anxiety would seem to be the pond many, many of us are swimming in. A week ago, Sunday, during joys and concerns, someone asked for prayers for those struggling with anxiety.

Image: Moyers, Mike. Lenten Labyrinth, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57142 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Mike Moyers, https://www.mikemoyersfineart.com/.

So this is love…Mmm, mmm,

So this is love

So this is what makes life divine

I’m all aglow, Mmm, mmm,

and now I know

the key to all heaven is mine.

For those of you unfamiliar with that little song, it’s from the 1950 Walt Disney animated film, “Cinderella,” and it plays a particular role in my relationship with this gospel passage. I was a graduate student at Boston College the first time I preached on this text (in fact, the first time I preached). I was also the mother of an adorable 2-1/2-year-old boy who demonstrated an early, precocious love of animated musicals. This means, we watched the VHS tape of Cinderella approximately 800 times over the course of a year. This is only a slight exaggeration. And as I set myself to do the research to write that sermon, one of the first things I learned was the significance of Jacob’s well. Jacob was something of a trickster, and one notable trick—stealing his brother’s blessing from their father—had him running for his life. So he ran. And when he arrived at his destination, there was Rachel, bringing in her father’s flocks to be watered at this well. Rachel was beautiful, she was graceful. It was love at first sight. First, Jacob watered Rachel’s father’s flocks, and then he kissed her, and the engagement was all but set.

And that’s not the only Biblical engagement at a well. Jacob’s parents, Isaac and Rebekah, were engaged at a well. Moses and Zipporah were engaged at a well. I mentioned last week that John’s gospel is filled with symbolism. This story takes place at a well. That’s how we know: it’s a love story.

Image: Kauffmann, Angelica, 1741-1807. Christ and the Samaritan Woman, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=54748 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Angelika_Kauffmann_-_Christus_und_die_Samariterin_am_Brunnen_-1796.jpeg.

It was at this point in my research that this little song, so well-known to me, took root in my heart and became the unofficial soundtrack to John 4.

The passage we’ve just heard is usually read on Ash Wednesday, to set the tone for Lent. But, if you think about it, there was no such thing as Lent when Jesus was preaching his Sermon on the Mount, was there? In fact, the people he was preaching to were overwhelmingly poor, people who were likely to be malnourished, suffering from disease, overwork, taxation and exploitation. (There’s a reason Jesus’ primary form of ministry was healing people. They were badly in need of healing.)[i]

So, if Jesus is not preaching a sermon on best practices for Lent, and if the people Jesus is preaching to are not likely to need to fast, and may not even have any money to give away to help others, what is the purpose of these words? What is the point of this passage? [click through for full text of the meditation]

Image: Moyers, Mike. Lenten Labyrinth, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57142 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Mike Moyers, https://www.mikemoyersfineart.com/.

…We are in the gospel of John this morning, a gospel filled with some of the most beautiful and memorable stories we have about Jesus. In today’s story Nicodemus, a religious leader, seeks Jesus out for a conversation. The gospel of John is also filled with symbolism about day and night, light and darkness. Many scholars believe that applies to the fact that Nicodemus comes to Jesus at night. Daytime is about openness and truth and seeing clearly, whereas nighttime is about secrecy, falsehood, and what is hidden—even spiritual blindness.

Given my affinity for late night conversations, I have a different theory…

Image: JESUS MAFA, Cameroon, 1973. Nicodemus, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=48385 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr (contact page: https://www.librairie-emmanuel.fr/contact).

Be perfect! Even as your heavenly Father is perfect! What could be simpler?

We are back on the mountain with Jesus this evening, that portion of Matthew’s gospel that many consider the heart and soul of Rabbi Jesus, the Christian Magna Carta, our great charter. This portion of it, to be honest, feels challenging in the extreme…

Image: Moyers, Mike. Lenten Labyrinth, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57142 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Mike Moyers, https://www.mikemoyersfineart.com/.

In 1942, Christian author C. S. Lewis published an epistolary novel known as “The Screwtape Letters.” It contained letters of advice from an administrative level devil, Screwtape, to his nephew Wormwood, who was on his first assignment trying to tempt a human (whom they called “The Patient”). 

I’m no C. S. Lewis, but today I am going to engage in a similar enterprise. Today’s sermon is a first-person account, from the point of view of the devil who tempted Jesus. Pray for me…

Image: Rivière, Briton, 1840-1920. Temptation in the Wilderness, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=56821 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Briton_Rivi%C3%A8re_-_The_Temptation_in_the_Wilderness.jpg.

We get the term “mountaintop experience” from the bible—remember Isaac’s reprieve at the hand of an angel when his father was about to sacrifice him. Remember Moses ascending Mount Sinai to commune with the terrifying presence of God. And, of course, there’s the passage we’ve only just heard—Jesus plus three disciples, plus two giants of the Hebrew Scriptures, plus the voice of God washing over them. What does this mountaintop experience mean?

Image: Anonymous. Transfiguration of Jesus Christ, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=58648 [retrieved February 17, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Transfiguration-Sinai.jpg.

Let’s not forget an incident in which Jesus appears to be angry, reported in all four gospels. Here’s Matthew’s version:

Then Jesus entered the temple and drove out all who were selling and buying in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those who sold doves. He said to them, “It is written,

‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’
    but you are making it a den of robbers.”     ~Matthew 21:12-13

Jesus sees a wrong in the Temple—the focus on buying and selling as opposed to the worship of God. This passage doesn’t call him angry, but it’s hard to imagine anyone flipping over tables in a state of complete calm. Jesus is angry because he has witnessed something wrong, and he acts in response to that anger. The anger of Jesus is holy.

Image: James, Laura. Sermon on the Mount, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57891 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: Laura James, https://www.laurajamesart.com/collections/religious/.

We know salt, chiefly, as a flavoring—what would French fries be without salt? Or corn on the cob? And it’s not simply that the salt tastes good on the food—salt actually brings out the natural flavors of the foods themselves, enhances them. It brings out something in the sweetness of caramel that we could not taste without it.

Image: Bruegel, Jan, 1568-1625. Sermon on the Mount, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=55346 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Sermon_on_the_Mount_by_Jan_Brueghel_the_Elder,_Getty_Center.jpg.

What does it mean to be blessed?

I have no doubt, it means different things to different people.

Some of us feel blessed by a parking space at the right place and right time.

Some of us feel blessed by improvement in our health, or good fortune for family members, or the wheels on the airplane touching down.

Some of us feel blessed when we are able to share our gifts, or when the storm veers north and misses us, or when we don’t get the scary diagnosis we were fearing.

What does it mean to be blessed?

Image: Sermon on the Mount, Persian miniature, Anonymous, from Art in the Christian Tradition, a project of the Vanderbilt Divinity Library, Nashville, TN. https://diglib.library.vanderbilt.edu/act-imagelink.pl?RC=57790 [retrieved January 27, 2023]. Original source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Persian_depiction_of_Jesus_-_Sermon_on_the_Mount.jpg.